At the time I still school, I want to conquer the world. But the more I depart adults, all the more I get to far. Now I can only develop themselves, is still far from the expectations that will develop this world. Therefore, I must hurry, I only briefly. Before the world is more narrow in the my promise to myself to stretch my wings as width as possible. Then what should I do with my wing it? I will learn to fly, I am sure I will get freedom. The freedom that I can I will make a weapon. I will continue my dream world for them. Once again, my time is not long, I must hurry. Everything is just the story alone. What have I done now will be a picture of my future. The future but the future, the future can not we feel now. However, the future is someone we can expect from someone in the small and teenagers. I sometimes fear the future, because the preparation for the future is not my idea. Now the sun has begun to feel in the middle of the day, I should be using the sun before the sun is in the western horizon and sinking.
Do other people who have ambitions to conquer the world? I am sure that there. How to you? We have ideals that different, but it is not a problem, the more important is how our efforts to pursue ambitions that. The process is a key in determining the maximum results. Although the maximum results, but with a process that is not correct, of course, the results are less than perfect. There will be other things that will be hit because the process that is not true.
Read More......
Sunday, November 23, 2008
Tuesday, November 18, 2008
“Semut ireng ngendog jroning geni,
(“Semut hitam bertelur di dalam api,)
Ono Merak memitran lan Baya,
(Ada Merak berteman dengan Buaya,)
Keyong sak kenong matane,
(Keong sebesar talempong matanya,)
Tikuse padha ngidhung,
(Tikusnya pada bernyanyi,)
Kucing gering ingkang nunggoni,
(Kucing kurus yang menunggui,)
Kodok nawu segara oleh Banteng sewu,
(Kodok menjaring di danau mendapatkan seribu Banteng,)
Precil-precil kang anjaga,
(Anakan katak yang menjaga,)
Semut ngangrang angrangsang Gunung Merapi,
(Semut Rangrang merangsang Gunung Merapi,)
Wit Ranti (meranti) woh Delima.”
(Pohon Meranti berbuah Delima.”) Read More......
(“Semut hitam bertelur di dalam api,)
Ono Merak memitran lan Baya,
(Ada Merak berteman dengan Buaya,)
Keyong sak kenong matane,
(Keong sebesar talempong matanya,)
Tikuse padha ngidhung,
(Tikusnya pada bernyanyi,)
Kucing gering ingkang nunggoni,
(Kucing kurus yang menunggui,)
Kodok nawu segara oleh Banteng sewu,
(Kodok menjaring di danau mendapatkan seribu Banteng,)
Precil-precil kang anjaga,
(Anakan katak yang menjaga,)
Semut ngangrang angrangsang Gunung Merapi,
(Semut Rangrang merangsang Gunung Merapi,)
Wit Ranti (meranti) woh Delima.”
(Pohon Meranti berbuah Delima.”) Read More......
Sunday, November 16, 2008
I just want to write with a simple
I just want to write with a simple, I do not care about what people are saying to me. Sometimes I'm confused in responding to those who deride my writing. Sometimes there is also my desire to fight them with what I write. But what can be created, I only man who can only write a note like this. Hopefully the people that I will always humble read my writing. Everything I do is only to show the world that I was there. I can not conquer the world but the world does not regard the existence of my bias. When I make this blog, there are people who ask about the function and usefulness of this blog. That time I also told about the ads in my blog this. One time he's alone but not perfect. In his blog, there is still a need to be asked to me. However, I also learned about a new blog and also not perfect. He said that my blog is commercial, so he's about uncomersial blog. He always said every day that the blog he is not a commercial to me. I'm offended by what he is, therefore, I write this so that he can understand about what I think about this. Once again, I only want to write a simple, and I only want to know about the world of my existence. Thank you.
Read More......
Friday, November 14, 2008
The Summary DIvination from King Jayabaya
One day there will be a cart without a horse.
The island of Java will be circled by an iron necklace.
There will be a boat flying in the sky.
The river will loose its current.
There will be markets without crowds.
These are the signs that the Jayabaya era is coming.
The earth will shrink.
Every inch of land will be taxed.
Horses will devour chili sauce.
Women will dress in men’s clothes.
These are the signs that the people and their civilization have been turned upside down.
Many promises unkept.
Many break their oath.
People will tend to blame on each other.
They will ignore God’s law.
Evil things will be lifted up.
Holy things will be despised.
Many people will become fixated on money.
Ignoring humanity.
Forgetting kindness.
Abandoning their families.
Fathers will abandon their children.
Children will be disrespectful to their mothers.
And battle against their fathers.
Siblings will collide violently.
Family members will become suspicious of each other.
Friends become enemies.
People will forget their roots.
The queen’s judgments will be unjust.
There will be many peculiar and evil leaders.
Many will behave strangely.
Good people will be isolated.
Many people will be too embarrassed to do the right things.
Choosing falsehood instead.
Many will be lazy to work.
Seduced by luxury.
They will take the easy path of crime and deceit.
The honest will be confused.
The dishonest will be joyful.
The good will be rejected.
The evil ones will rise to the top.
Noble people will be wounded by unjust criticism.
Evil doers will be worshipped.
Women will become shameless.
Men will loose their courage.
Men will choose not to get married.
Women will be unfaithful to their husbands.
Mothers will sell their babies.
Women will engage in prostitution.
Couples will trade partners.
Women will ride horses.
Men will be carried in a stretcher.
A divorcee will be valued at 17 cents.
A virgin will be valued at 10 cents
A crippled men will be valued at 75 cents.
Many will earn their living by trading their knowledge.
Many will claims other’s merits as their own.
It is only a cover for the dice.
They will proclaim their righteousness despite their sinful ways.
Many will use sly and dirty tricks.
Rains will fall in the wrong season.
Many women will remain virgins into their old age.
Many divorcees will give birth.
Newborns will search for their fathers.
Religions will be attacked.
Humanitarianism will no longer have importance.
Holy temples will be hated.
They will be more fond of praising evil places.
Prostitution will be everywhere.
There will be many worthy of damnation.
There will be many betrayals.
Children will be against father.
Siblings will be against siblings.
Friends will become enemies.
Students will show hostility toward teachers.
Neighbors will become suspicious of each other.
And ruthless ness will be everywhere.
The eyewitness has to take the responsibility.
The ones who have nothing to do with the case will be prosecuted.
One day when there will Armageddon.
In the east, in the west, in the south, and in the north.
Good people will suffer more.
Bad people will be happier.
When this happens, a “crow will be said to be an egret
The wrong person will be assumed to be honest.
Betrayers will live in the utmost of material comfort
The deceitful will decline even further.
The evil persons will rise to the top.
The modest will be trapped.
The noble will be imprisoned.
The fraudulent will be ferocious.
The honest will unlucky.
Many merchants will fly in a mess.
Gamblers will become more addicted to gambling.
Illegal things will be everywhere.
Many babies will be born outside of legal marriage.
Women will propose marriage.
Men will lower their own status.
The merchandise will be left unsold.
Many people will suffer from starvation and inability to afford clothing.
Buyers will become more sophisticated.
Sellers will have to use their brains and muscle to do business.
In the way they earn a living, people will be as rice paddies being swung around and blown up.
Some will go wild out of control.
Those who are not ambitious will complaint of being left behind.
The ones on the top will get lost.
The ordinary people will slip.
The arrogant ones will be impaled.
The fearful ones will not survive.
The risk takers will be successful.
The ones who are afraid of taking the risks will be crushed under foot.
The careless ones will be wealthy.
The careful ones will whine about their suffering.
The crazy ones will get their portion.
The ones who are mentally and physically healthy will think wisely.
The farmers will be controlled.
Those who are corrupt will spend their fortune lavishly.
The queen who does not keep her promises will lose her power.
The leaders will become ordinary persons.
The ordinary people will become leaders.
The dishonest persons will rise to the top.
The honest ones will be unlucky.
There will be many people own a house on horseback.
People will attack other people.
Children will ignore their fathers.
Parents will not want to take their responsibility as parents.
Merchants will sell out of their merchandise.
Yet, they will lose money.
Many people will die from starvation in prosperous times.
Many people will have lots of money yet, be unhappy in their lives.
The crazy one will be beautifully attired.
The insane will be able to build a lavish estate.
The ones who are fair and sane will suffer in their lives and will be isolated.
There will be internal wars.
As a result of misunderstandings between those at the top.
The numbers of evil doers will increase sharply.
There will be more criminals.
The good people will live in misery.
There will be many people die in a war.
Others will be disoriented, and their property burnt.
The honest will be confused.
The dishonest will be joyful.
There will be disappearance of great riches, titles, and jobs.
There will be many illegal goods.
There will be many babies born without fathers
Those people who forget God’s Will may be happy on earth.
But those who are remember God’s will are destined to be happier still.
Ruthlessness will become worse.
Everywhere the situation will be chaotic.
Doing business will be more difficult.
Workers will challenge their employers.
The employers will become bait for their employees.
Those who speak out will be more influential.
The wise ones will be ridiculed.
The evil ones will be worshipped.
The knowledgeable ones will show no compassion.
The pursuit of material comfort will incite crime.
Job titles will become enticing.
Those who act arbitrarily will feel as if they are the winners.
Those who act wisely will feel as if everything is wrong.
There will be leaders who are weak in their faith.
Their vice regent will be selected from among the ranks of the gamblers.
Those who have a holy heart will be rejected.
Those who are evil, and know how to flatter their boss, will be promoted.
Human exploitation will be worse.
The corpulent thieves will be able to sit back and relax.
The hen will hatch eggs in a carrying pole.
Thieves will not be afraid to challenge the target.
Robbers will dissent into greater evil.
Looters will be given applause.
People will slander their caregivers.
Guards will steel the very things they are to protect.
Guarantors will ask for collateral.
Many will ask for blessings.
Everybody will compete for personal victory.
Ruthlessness will be everywhere.
Religions will be questioned.
Many people will be greedy for power, wealth and position.
Rebelliousness will increase.
Religious law will be broken.
Human rights will be violated.
Ethics will left behind.
Many will be insane, cruel and immoral.
Ordinary people will be segregated.
They will become the victims of evil and cruel persons.
Then there will come a queen who is influential
She will have her own armies.
Her country will measured one-eighth the circumference of the world.
The number of people who commit bribery will increase.
The evil ones will be accepted.
The innocent ones will be rejected.
Tin will be thought to be silver.
Gold will be thought to be copper
A black crow will be thought to be an egret.
The sinful ones will be safe and live in tranquility.
The poor will be blamed.
The unemployed will be rooted up.
The diligent ones will be forced down.
The people will seek revenge against the fiercely violent ones.
Workers will suffer from overwork.
The rich will feel unsafe.
People who belong to the upper class will feel insecure.
Happiness will belong to evil persons.
Trouble will belong to the poor.
Many will sue each other.
Human behavior will fall short of moral enlightenment.
Leaders will discuss and choose which countries are their favorites and which ones are not.
Hurrah! Hurrah!
The Javanese will remain half.
The Dutch and the Chinese each will remain a pair.
Many become stingy.
The stingy ones will not get their portion.
The ones who receive their portion will be generous.
Street beggars will be everywhere.
Bewildered persons will be everywhere.
These are the signs that the people and their civilization have been turned upside down
THE ORIGINAL VERSION
Besuk yen wis ana kreta tanpa jaran.
Tanah Jawa kalungan wesi.
Prahu mlaku ing dhuwur awang-awang.
Kali ilang kedhunge.
Pasar ilang kumandhang.
Iku tandane yen tekane jaman Jayabaya wis cedhak.
Bumi saya suwe saya mengkeret.
Sekilan bumi dipajeki.
Jaran doyan mangan sambel.
Wong wadon nganggo pakaian lanang.
Iku tandane yen wong bakal nemoni wolak-waliking jaman.
Akeh janji ora ditetepi.
Akeh wong wani mlanggar sumpahe dhewe.
Manungsa pada seneng nyalah.
Ora ngindahake hukum Allah.
Barang jahat diangkat-angkat.
Barang suci dibenci.
Akeh manungsa mung ngutamake dhuwit.
Lali kamanungsan.
Lali kabecikan.
Lali sanak lali kadang.
Akeh Bapa lali anak.
Akeh anak wani nglawan ibu.
Nantang bapa.
Sedulur pada cidra.
Kulawarga pada curiga.
Kanca dadi mungsuh.
Akeh manungsa lali asale.
Ukuman Ratu ora adil.
Akeh pangkat sing jahat lan ganjil.
Akeh kelakuan sing ganjil.
Wong apik-apik pada kepencil.
Akeh wong nyambut gawe apik-apik pada krasa isin.
Luwih utama ngapusi.
Wegah nyambut gawe.
Kepingin urip mewah.
Ngumbar nafsu angkara murka, nggedhekake duraka.
Wong bener thenger-thenger.
Wong salah bungah.
Wong apik ditampik-tampik.
Wong jahat munggah pangkat.
Wong agung kesinggung.
Wong ala kepuja.
Wong wadon ilang kawirangane.
Wong lanang ilang kaprawirane.
Akeh wong lanang ora duwe bojo.
Akeh wong wadon ora setya marang bojone.
Akeh ibu pada ngedol anake.
Akeh wong wadon ngedol awake.
Akeh wong ijol bebojo.
Wong wadon nunggang jaran.
Wong lanang linggih plangki.
Randa seuang loro.
Prawan seaga lima.
Duda pincang laku sembilan uang.
Akeh wong ngedol ngelmu.
Akeh wong ngaku-aku.
Njabane putih njerone dadu.
Ngakune suci, nanging sucine palsu.
Akeh bujuk akeh lojo.
Akeh udan salah mangsa.
Akeh prawan tuwa.
Akeh randa nglairake anak.
Akeh jabang bayi lahir nggoleki bapakne.
Agama akeh sing nantang.
Perikamanungsan saya ilang.
Omah suci dibenci.
Omah ala saya dipuja.
Wong wadon lacur ing ngendi-endi.
Akeh laknat.
Akeh pengkhianat.
Anak mangan bapak.
Sedulur mangan sedulur.
Kanca dadi mungsuh.
Guru disatru.
Tangga pada curiga.
Kana-kene saya angkara murka.
Sing weruh kebubuhan.
Sing ora weruh ketutuh.
Besuk yen ana peperangan.
Teka saka wetan, kulon, kidul lan lor.
Akeh wong becik saya sengsara.
Wong jahat saya seneng.
Wektu iku akeh dhandhang diunekake kuntul.
Wong salah dianggep bener.
Pengkhianat nikmat.
Durjana saya sempurna.
Wong jahat munggah pangkat.
Wong lugu kebelenggu.
Wong mulyo dikunjoro.
Sing curang garang.
Sing jujur kojur.
Pedagang akeh sing keplarang.
Wong main akeh sing ndadi.
Akeh barang haram.
Akeh anak haram.
Wong wadon nglamar wong lanang.
Wong lanang ngasorake drajate dhewe.
Akeh barang-barang mlebu luang.
Akeh wong kaliren lan wuda.
Wong tuku nglenik sing dodol.
Sing dodol akal okol.
Wong golek pangan kaya gabah diinteri.
Sing kebat kliwat.
Sing telah sambat.
Sing gede kesasar.
Sing cilik kepleset.
Sing anggak ketunggak.
Sing wedi mati.
Sing nekat mbrekat.
Sing jerih ketindhih.
Sing ngawur makmur.
Sing ngati-ati ngrintih.
Sing ngedan keduman.
Sing waras nggagas.
Wong tani ditaleni.
Wong dora ura-ura.
Ratu ora netepi janji, musna kekuasaane.
Bupati dadi rakyat.
Wong cilik dadi priyayi.
Sing mendele dadi gede.
Sing jujur kojur.
Akeh omah ing nduwur jaran.
Wong mangan wong.
Anak lali bapak.
Wong tuwa lali tuwane.
Pedagang adol barang saya laris.
Bandane saya ludes.
Akeh wong mati kaliren ing sisihe pangan.
Akeh wong nyekel banda nanging uripe sengsara.
Sing edan bisa dandan.
Sing bengkong bisa nggalang gedong.
Wong waras lan adil uripe nggrantes lan kepencil.
Ana peperangan ing njero.
Timbul amarga para pangkat akeh sing pada salah paham.
Durjana saya ngambra-ambra.
Penjahat saya tambah.
Wong apik saya sengsara.
Akeh wong mati jalaran saka peperangan.
Kebingungan lan kobongan.
Wong bener saya tenger-tenger.
Wong salah saya bungah-bungah.
Akeh banda musna ora karuan lungane.
Akeh pangkat lan drajat pada minggat ora karuan sababe.
Akeh barang-barang haram, akeh bocah haram.
Bejane sing lali, bejane sing eling.
Nanging sauntung-untunge sing lali.
Isih untung sing waspada.
Angkara murka saya ndadi.
Kana-kene saya bingung.
Pedagang akeh alangane.
Akeh buruh nantang juragan.
Juragan dadi umpan.
Sing suwarane seru oleh pengaruh.
Wong pinter diingar-ingar.
Wong ala diuja.
Wong ngerti mangan ati.
Banda dadi memala.
Pangkat dadi pemikat.
Sing sawenang-wenang rumangsa menang.
Sing ngalah rumangsa kabeh salah.
Ana Bupati saka wong sing asor imane.
Patihe kepala judi.
Wong sing atine suci dibenci.
Wong sing jahat lan pinter jilat saya derajat.
Pemerasan saya ndadra.
Maling lungguh wetenge mblenduk.
Pitik angkrem saduwurane pikulan.
Maling wani nantang sing duwe omah.
Begal pada ndugal.
Rampok pada keplok-keplok.
Wong momong mitenah sing diemong.
Wong jaga nyolong sing dijaga.
Wong njamin njaluk dijamin.
Akeh wong mendem donga.
Kana-kene rebutan unggul.
Angkara murka ngombro-ombro.
Agama ditantang.
Akeh wong angkara murka.
Nggedheake duraka.
Ukum agama dilanggar.
Prikamanungsan diiles-iles.
Kasusilan ditinggal.
Akeh wong edan, jahat lan kelangan akal budi.
Wong cilik akeh sing kepencil.
Amarga dadi korbane si jahat sing jajil.
Banjur ana Ratu duwe pengaruh lan duwe prajurit.
Lan duwe prajurit.
Negarane ambane sapra-walon.
Tukang mangan suap saya ndadra.
Wong jahat ditampa.
Wong suci dibenci.
Timah dianggep perak.
Emas diarani tembaga.
Dhandhang diandakake kuntul.
Wong dosa sentosa.
Wong cilik disalahake.
Wong nganggur kesungkur.
Wong sregep krungkep.
Wong nyengit kesengit.
Buruh mangluh.
Wong sugih krasa wedi.
Wong wedi dadi priyayi.
Senenge wong jahat.
Susahe wong cilik.
Akeh wong dakwa dinakwa.
Tindake menungsa saya kuciwa.
Ratu karo Ratu pada rembugan negara endi sing dipilih lan disenengi.
Hore! hore!.
Wong Jawa kari separo,
Landa-Cina kari sejodo.
Akeh wong ijir, akeh wong cethil.
Sing eman ora keduman.
Sing keduman ora eman.
Akeh wong mbambung.
Akeh wong limbung.
Selot-selote mbesuk wolak-waliking jaman teka.
Read More......
The island of Java will be circled by an iron necklace.
There will be a boat flying in the sky.
The river will loose its current.
There will be markets without crowds.
These are the signs that the Jayabaya era is coming.
The earth will shrink.
Every inch of land will be taxed.
Horses will devour chili sauce.
Women will dress in men’s clothes.
These are the signs that the people and their civilization have been turned upside down.
Many promises unkept.
Many break their oath.
People will tend to blame on each other.
They will ignore God’s law.
Evil things will be lifted up.
Holy things will be despised.
Many people will become fixated on money.
Ignoring humanity.
Forgetting kindness.
Abandoning their families.
Fathers will abandon their children.
Children will be disrespectful to their mothers.
And battle against their fathers.
Siblings will collide violently.
Family members will become suspicious of each other.
Friends become enemies.
People will forget their roots.
The queen’s judgments will be unjust.
There will be many peculiar and evil leaders.
Many will behave strangely.
Good people will be isolated.
Many people will be too embarrassed to do the right things.
Choosing falsehood instead.
Many will be lazy to work.
Seduced by luxury.
They will take the easy path of crime and deceit.
The honest will be confused.
The dishonest will be joyful.
The good will be rejected.
The evil ones will rise to the top.
Noble people will be wounded by unjust criticism.
Evil doers will be worshipped.
Women will become shameless.
Men will loose their courage.
Men will choose not to get married.
Women will be unfaithful to their husbands.
Mothers will sell their babies.
Women will engage in prostitution.
Couples will trade partners.
Women will ride horses.
Men will be carried in a stretcher.
A divorcee will be valued at 17 cents.
A virgin will be valued at 10 cents
A crippled men will be valued at 75 cents.
Many will earn their living by trading their knowledge.
Many will claims other’s merits as their own.
It is only a cover for the dice.
They will proclaim their righteousness despite their sinful ways.
Many will use sly and dirty tricks.
Rains will fall in the wrong season.
Many women will remain virgins into their old age.
Many divorcees will give birth.
Newborns will search for their fathers.
Religions will be attacked.
Humanitarianism will no longer have importance.
Holy temples will be hated.
They will be more fond of praising evil places.
Prostitution will be everywhere.
There will be many worthy of damnation.
There will be many betrayals.
Children will be against father.
Siblings will be against siblings.
Friends will become enemies.
Students will show hostility toward teachers.
Neighbors will become suspicious of each other.
And ruthless ness will be everywhere.
The eyewitness has to take the responsibility.
The ones who have nothing to do with the case will be prosecuted.
One day when there will Armageddon.
In the east, in the west, in the south, and in the north.
Good people will suffer more.
Bad people will be happier.
When this happens, a “crow will be said to be an egret
The wrong person will be assumed to be honest.
Betrayers will live in the utmost of material comfort
The deceitful will decline even further.
The evil persons will rise to the top.
The modest will be trapped.
The noble will be imprisoned.
The fraudulent will be ferocious.
The honest will unlucky.
Many merchants will fly in a mess.
Gamblers will become more addicted to gambling.
Illegal things will be everywhere.
Many babies will be born outside of legal marriage.
Women will propose marriage.
Men will lower their own status.
The merchandise will be left unsold.
Many people will suffer from starvation and inability to afford clothing.
Buyers will become more sophisticated.
Sellers will have to use their brains and muscle to do business.
In the way they earn a living, people will be as rice paddies being swung around and blown up.
Some will go wild out of control.
Those who are not ambitious will complaint of being left behind.
The ones on the top will get lost.
The ordinary people will slip.
The arrogant ones will be impaled.
The fearful ones will not survive.
The risk takers will be successful.
The ones who are afraid of taking the risks will be crushed under foot.
The careless ones will be wealthy.
The careful ones will whine about their suffering.
The crazy ones will get their portion.
The ones who are mentally and physically healthy will think wisely.
The farmers will be controlled.
Those who are corrupt will spend their fortune lavishly.
The queen who does not keep her promises will lose her power.
The leaders will become ordinary persons.
The ordinary people will become leaders.
The dishonest persons will rise to the top.
The honest ones will be unlucky.
There will be many people own a house on horseback.
People will attack other people.
Children will ignore their fathers.
Parents will not want to take their responsibility as parents.
Merchants will sell out of their merchandise.
Yet, they will lose money.
Many people will die from starvation in prosperous times.
Many people will have lots of money yet, be unhappy in their lives.
The crazy one will be beautifully attired.
The insane will be able to build a lavish estate.
The ones who are fair and sane will suffer in their lives and will be isolated.
There will be internal wars.
As a result of misunderstandings between those at the top.
The numbers of evil doers will increase sharply.
There will be more criminals.
The good people will live in misery.
There will be many people die in a war.
Others will be disoriented, and their property burnt.
The honest will be confused.
The dishonest will be joyful.
There will be disappearance of great riches, titles, and jobs.
There will be many illegal goods.
There will be many babies born without fathers
Those people who forget God’s Will may be happy on earth.
But those who are remember God’s will are destined to be happier still.
Ruthlessness will become worse.
Everywhere the situation will be chaotic.
Doing business will be more difficult.
Workers will challenge their employers.
The employers will become bait for their employees.
Those who speak out will be more influential.
The wise ones will be ridiculed.
The evil ones will be worshipped.
The knowledgeable ones will show no compassion.
The pursuit of material comfort will incite crime.
Job titles will become enticing.
Those who act arbitrarily will feel as if they are the winners.
Those who act wisely will feel as if everything is wrong.
There will be leaders who are weak in their faith.
Their vice regent will be selected from among the ranks of the gamblers.
Those who have a holy heart will be rejected.
Those who are evil, and know how to flatter their boss, will be promoted.
Human exploitation will be worse.
The corpulent thieves will be able to sit back and relax.
The hen will hatch eggs in a carrying pole.
Thieves will not be afraid to challenge the target.
Robbers will dissent into greater evil.
Looters will be given applause.
People will slander their caregivers.
Guards will steel the very things they are to protect.
Guarantors will ask for collateral.
Many will ask for blessings.
Everybody will compete for personal victory.
Ruthlessness will be everywhere.
Religions will be questioned.
Many people will be greedy for power, wealth and position.
Rebelliousness will increase.
Religious law will be broken.
Human rights will be violated.
Ethics will left behind.
Many will be insane, cruel and immoral.
Ordinary people will be segregated.
They will become the victims of evil and cruel persons.
Then there will come a queen who is influential
She will have her own armies.
Her country will measured one-eighth the circumference of the world.
The number of people who commit bribery will increase.
The evil ones will be accepted.
The innocent ones will be rejected.
Tin will be thought to be silver.
Gold will be thought to be copper
A black crow will be thought to be an egret.
The sinful ones will be safe and live in tranquility.
The poor will be blamed.
The unemployed will be rooted up.
The diligent ones will be forced down.
The people will seek revenge against the fiercely violent ones.
Workers will suffer from overwork.
The rich will feel unsafe.
People who belong to the upper class will feel insecure.
Happiness will belong to evil persons.
Trouble will belong to the poor.
Many will sue each other.
Human behavior will fall short of moral enlightenment.
Leaders will discuss and choose which countries are their favorites and which ones are not.
Hurrah! Hurrah!
The Javanese will remain half.
The Dutch and the Chinese each will remain a pair.
Many become stingy.
The stingy ones will not get their portion.
The ones who receive their portion will be generous.
Street beggars will be everywhere.
Bewildered persons will be everywhere.
These are the signs that the people and their civilization have been turned upside down
THE ORIGINAL VERSION
Besuk yen wis ana kreta tanpa jaran.
Tanah Jawa kalungan wesi.
Prahu mlaku ing dhuwur awang-awang.
Kali ilang kedhunge.
Pasar ilang kumandhang.
Iku tandane yen tekane jaman Jayabaya wis cedhak.
Bumi saya suwe saya mengkeret.
Sekilan bumi dipajeki.
Jaran doyan mangan sambel.
Wong wadon nganggo pakaian lanang.
Iku tandane yen wong bakal nemoni wolak-waliking jaman.
Akeh janji ora ditetepi.
Akeh wong wani mlanggar sumpahe dhewe.
Manungsa pada seneng nyalah.
Ora ngindahake hukum Allah.
Barang jahat diangkat-angkat.
Barang suci dibenci.
Akeh manungsa mung ngutamake dhuwit.
Lali kamanungsan.
Lali kabecikan.
Lali sanak lali kadang.
Akeh Bapa lali anak.
Akeh anak wani nglawan ibu.
Nantang bapa.
Sedulur pada cidra.
Kulawarga pada curiga.
Kanca dadi mungsuh.
Akeh manungsa lali asale.
Ukuman Ratu ora adil.
Akeh pangkat sing jahat lan ganjil.
Akeh kelakuan sing ganjil.
Wong apik-apik pada kepencil.
Akeh wong nyambut gawe apik-apik pada krasa isin.
Luwih utama ngapusi.
Wegah nyambut gawe.
Kepingin urip mewah.
Ngumbar nafsu angkara murka, nggedhekake duraka.
Wong bener thenger-thenger.
Wong salah bungah.
Wong apik ditampik-tampik.
Wong jahat munggah pangkat.
Wong agung kesinggung.
Wong ala kepuja.
Wong wadon ilang kawirangane.
Wong lanang ilang kaprawirane.
Akeh wong lanang ora duwe bojo.
Akeh wong wadon ora setya marang bojone.
Akeh ibu pada ngedol anake.
Akeh wong wadon ngedol awake.
Akeh wong ijol bebojo.
Wong wadon nunggang jaran.
Wong lanang linggih plangki.
Randa seuang loro.
Prawan seaga lima.
Duda pincang laku sembilan uang.
Akeh wong ngedol ngelmu.
Akeh wong ngaku-aku.
Njabane putih njerone dadu.
Ngakune suci, nanging sucine palsu.
Akeh bujuk akeh lojo.
Akeh udan salah mangsa.
Akeh prawan tuwa.
Akeh randa nglairake anak.
Akeh jabang bayi lahir nggoleki bapakne.
Agama akeh sing nantang.
Perikamanungsan saya ilang.
Omah suci dibenci.
Omah ala saya dipuja.
Wong wadon lacur ing ngendi-endi.
Akeh laknat.
Akeh pengkhianat.
Anak mangan bapak.
Sedulur mangan sedulur.
Kanca dadi mungsuh.
Guru disatru.
Tangga pada curiga.
Kana-kene saya angkara murka.
Sing weruh kebubuhan.
Sing ora weruh ketutuh.
Besuk yen ana peperangan.
Teka saka wetan, kulon, kidul lan lor.
Akeh wong becik saya sengsara.
Wong jahat saya seneng.
Wektu iku akeh dhandhang diunekake kuntul.
Wong salah dianggep bener.
Pengkhianat nikmat.
Durjana saya sempurna.
Wong jahat munggah pangkat.
Wong lugu kebelenggu.
Wong mulyo dikunjoro.
Sing curang garang.
Sing jujur kojur.
Pedagang akeh sing keplarang.
Wong main akeh sing ndadi.
Akeh barang haram.
Akeh anak haram.
Wong wadon nglamar wong lanang.
Wong lanang ngasorake drajate dhewe.
Akeh barang-barang mlebu luang.
Akeh wong kaliren lan wuda.
Wong tuku nglenik sing dodol.
Sing dodol akal okol.
Wong golek pangan kaya gabah diinteri.
Sing kebat kliwat.
Sing telah sambat.
Sing gede kesasar.
Sing cilik kepleset.
Sing anggak ketunggak.
Sing wedi mati.
Sing nekat mbrekat.
Sing jerih ketindhih.
Sing ngawur makmur.
Sing ngati-ati ngrintih.
Sing ngedan keduman.
Sing waras nggagas.
Wong tani ditaleni.
Wong dora ura-ura.
Ratu ora netepi janji, musna kekuasaane.
Bupati dadi rakyat.
Wong cilik dadi priyayi.
Sing mendele dadi gede.
Sing jujur kojur.
Akeh omah ing nduwur jaran.
Wong mangan wong.
Anak lali bapak.
Wong tuwa lali tuwane.
Pedagang adol barang saya laris.
Bandane saya ludes.
Akeh wong mati kaliren ing sisihe pangan.
Akeh wong nyekel banda nanging uripe sengsara.
Sing edan bisa dandan.
Sing bengkong bisa nggalang gedong.
Wong waras lan adil uripe nggrantes lan kepencil.
Ana peperangan ing njero.
Timbul amarga para pangkat akeh sing pada salah paham.
Durjana saya ngambra-ambra.
Penjahat saya tambah.
Wong apik saya sengsara.
Akeh wong mati jalaran saka peperangan.
Kebingungan lan kobongan.
Wong bener saya tenger-tenger.
Wong salah saya bungah-bungah.
Akeh banda musna ora karuan lungane.
Akeh pangkat lan drajat pada minggat ora karuan sababe.
Akeh barang-barang haram, akeh bocah haram.
Bejane sing lali, bejane sing eling.
Nanging sauntung-untunge sing lali.
Isih untung sing waspada.
Angkara murka saya ndadi.
Kana-kene saya bingung.
Pedagang akeh alangane.
Akeh buruh nantang juragan.
Juragan dadi umpan.
Sing suwarane seru oleh pengaruh.
Wong pinter diingar-ingar.
Wong ala diuja.
Wong ngerti mangan ati.
Banda dadi memala.
Pangkat dadi pemikat.
Sing sawenang-wenang rumangsa menang.
Sing ngalah rumangsa kabeh salah.
Ana Bupati saka wong sing asor imane.
Patihe kepala judi.
Wong sing atine suci dibenci.
Wong sing jahat lan pinter jilat saya derajat.
Pemerasan saya ndadra.
Maling lungguh wetenge mblenduk.
Pitik angkrem saduwurane pikulan.
Maling wani nantang sing duwe omah.
Begal pada ndugal.
Rampok pada keplok-keplok.
Wong momong mitenah sing diemong.
Wong jaga nyolong sing dijaga.
Wong njamin njaluk dijamin.
Akeh wong mendem donga.
Kana-kene rebutan unggul.
Angkara murka ngombro-ombro.
Agama ditantang.
Akeh wong angkara murka.
Nggedheake duraka.
Ukum agama dilanggar.
Prikamanungsan diiles-iles.
Kasusilan ditinggal.
Akeh wong edan, jahat lan kelangan akal budi.
Wong cilik akeh sing kepencil.
Amarga dadi korbane si jahat sing jajil.
Banjur ana Ratu duwe pengaruh lan duwe prajurit.
Lan duwe prajurit.
Negarane ambane sapra-walon.
Tukang mangan suap saya ndadra.
Wong jahat ditampa.
Wong suci dibenci.
Timah dianggep perak.
Emas diarani tembaga.
Dhandhang diandakake kuntul.
Wong dosa sentosa.
Wong cilik disalahake.
Wong nganggur kesungkur.
Wong sregep krungkep.
Wong nyengit kesengit.
Buruh mangluh.
Wong sugih krasa wedi.
Wong wedi dadi priyayi.
Senenge wong jahat.
Susahe wong cilik.
Akeh wong dakwa dinakwa.
Tindake menungsa saya kuciwa.
Ratu karo Ratu pada rembugan negara endi sing dipilih lan disenengi.
Hore! hore!.
Wong Jawa kari separo,
Landa-Cina kari sejodo.
Akeh wong ijir, akeh wong cethil.
Sing eman ora keduman.
Sing keduman ora eman.
Akeh wong mbambung.
Akeh wong limbung.
Selot-selote mbesuk wolak-waliking jaman teka.
Read More......
Thursday, November 13, 2008
The last Stanza of The king Jayabaya’s Divination
The Original text in Javanese language, They Are :
140.
polahe wong Jawa kaya gabah diinteri
endi sing bener endi sing sejati
para tapa padha ora wani
padha wedi ngajarake piwulang adi
salah-salah anemani pati
the behavior of people such as Java unhulled rice
Which is where the original
all the hermit did not dare
afraid to convey the teachings of true
Making mistake can find death
141.
banjir bandang ana ngendi-endi
gunung njeblug tan anjarwani, tan angimpeni
gehtinge kepathi-pati marang pandhita kang oleh pati geni
marga wedi kapiyak wadine sapa sira sing sayekti
large floods where
mountain erupts is not possible, there is no signal before
very averse to the priestly be imprisoned, without eating and sleeping
fear of the secret known candidate who you actually
142.
pancen wolak-waliking jaman
amenangi jaman edan
ora edan ora kumanan
sing waras padha nggagas
wong tani padha ditaleni
wong dora padha ura-ura
beja-bejane sing lali,
isih beja kang eling lan waspadha
indeed the modern era
witness the era of mad
not insane can not be part
a healthy mind in the processing
farmers were
the storyteller exult
for a successful forget,
lucky to still be vigilant and remember that
143.
ratu ora netepi janji
musna kuwasa lan prabawane
akeh omah ndhuwur kuda
wong padha mangan wong
kayu gligan lan wesi hiya padha doyan
dirasa enak kaya roti bolu
yen wengi padha ora bisa turu
the king does not fulfill promises
loss of power and his authority
many houses on the horse
people eat each other
logs and iron are also eaten
he brought good sponge cake
all night can not sleep
144.
sing edan padha bisa dandan
sing ambangkang padha bisa
nggalang omah gedong magrong-magrong
The mad can preen
that all can protest
build houses, buildings, majestic
145.
wong dagang barang sangsaya laris, bandhane ludes
akeh wong mati kaliren gisining panganan
akeh wong nyekel bendha ning uriping sengsara
the trading of goods but increasingly demand more out of property
many people die of hunger in addition to food
Rich but many people's lives miserable
146.
wong waras lan adil uripe ngenes lan kepencil
sing ora abisa maling digethingi
sing pinter duraka dadi kanca
wong bener sangsaya thenger-thenger
wong salah sangsaya bungah
akeh bandha musna tan karuan larine
akeh pangkat lan drajat padha minggat tan karuan sebabe
people healthy and fair concern and a sequestered life
which can not steal the doghouse
so foul that smart friend
people are not honest slightly
one of the more presumptuous
many property destroyed not clear flight
many rank and position without clear reasons
147.
bumi sangsaya suwe sangsaya mengkeret
sakilan bumi dipajeki
wong wadon nganggo panganggo lanang
iku pertandhane yen bakal nemoni
wolak-walike zaman
earth increasingly narrow
NEVER land taxable income
women wear men
that foreshadow future occurrence
mad era
148.
akeh wong janji ora ditepati
akeh wong nglanggar sumpahe dhewe
manungsa padha seneng ngalap,
tan anindakake hukuming Allah
barang jahat diangkat-angkat
barang suci dibenci
many people reject the promise
many people violate the self-affirmation
deceive people happy
not implement the law of God
goods glorified evil-lacalderarock
goods holy doghouse
149.
akeh wong ngutamakake royal
lali kamanungsane, lali kebecikane
lali sanak lali kadang
akeh bapa lali anak
akeh anak mundhung biyung
sedulur padha cidra
keluarga padha curiga
kanca dadi mungsuh
manungsa lali asale
many people spree with the money
humanitarian forget, forget the good
forget relatives
many forget their children's father
many children evict his mother
among other relatives lie
mutual suspicion between the family
friends become enemies
people will forget their origins
150.
ukuman ratu ora adil
akeh pangkat jahat jahil
kelakuan padha ganjil
sing apik padha kepencil
akarya apik manungsa isin
luwih utama ngapusi
penalty king is not fair
many are held, evil and cruel
what to do all the odd
the sequestered
even good people ashamed
while trick
151.
wanita nglamar pria
isih bayi padha mbayi
sing pria padha ngasorake drajate dhewe
women applying for men
young to have children
men lowering their own rank
The Stanza about 152 to 156 with no (lost and damaged)
And The Stanza about 157 to the end will be continued soon
Read More......
140.
polahe wong Jawa kaya gabah diinteri
endi sing bener endi sing sejati
para tapa padha ora wani
padha wedi ngajarake piwulang adi
salah-salah anemani pati
the behavior of people such as Java unhulled rice
Which is where the original
all the hermit did not dare
afraid to convey the teachings of true
Making mistake can find death
141.
banjir bandang ana ngendi-endi
gunung njeblug tan anjarwani, tan angimpeni
gehtinge kepathi-pati marang pandhita kang oleh pati geni
marga wedi kapiyak wadine sapa sira sing sayekti
large floods where
mountain erupts is not possible, there is no signal before
very averse to the priestly be imprisoned, without eating and sleeping
fear of the secret known candidate who you actually
142.
pancen wolak-waliking jaman
amenangi jaman edan
ora edan ora kumanan
sing waras padha nggagas
wong tani padha ditaleni
wong dora padha ura-ura
beja-bejane sing lali,
isih beja kang eling lan waspadha
indeed the modern era
witness the era of mad
not insane can not be part
a healthy mind in the processing
farmers were
the storyteller exult
for a successful forget,
lucky to still be vigilant and remember that
143.
ratu ora netepi janji
musna kuwasa lan prabawane
akeh omah ndhuwur kuda
wong padha mangan wong
kayu gligan lan wesi hiya padha doyan
dirasa enak kaya roti bolu
yen wengi padha ora bisa turu
the king does not fulfill promises
loss of power and his authority
many houses on the horse
people eat each other
logs and iron are also eaten
he brought good sponge cake
all night can not sleep
144.
sing edan padha bisa dandan
sing ambangkang padha bisa
nggalang omah gedong magrong-magrong
The mad can preen
that all can protest
build houses, buildings, majestic
145.
wong dagang barang sangsaya laris, bandhane ludes
akeh wong mati kaliren gisining panganan
akeh wong nyekel bendha ning uriping sengsara
the trading of goods but increasingly demand more out of property
many people die of hunger in addition to food
Rich but many people's lives miserable
146.
wong waras lan adil uripe ngenes lan kepencil
sing ora abisa maling digethingi
sing pinter duraka dadi kanca
wong bener sangsaya thenger-thenger
wong salah sangsaya bungah
akeh bandha musna tan karuan larine
akeh pangkat lan drajat padha minggat tan karuan sebabe
people healthy and fair concern and a sequestered life
which can not steal the doghouse
so foul that smart friend
people are not honest slightly
one of the more presumptuous
many property destroyed not clear flight
many rank and position without clear reasons
147.
bumi sangsaya suwe sangsaya mengkeret
sakilan bumi dipajeki
wong wadon nganggo panganggo lanang
iku pertandhane yen bakal nemoni
wolak-walike zaman
earth increasingly narrow
NEVER land taxable income
women wear men
that foreshadow future occurrence
mad era
148.
akeh wong janji ora ditepati
akeh wong nglanggar sumpahe dhewe
manungsa padha seneng ngalap,
tan anindakake hukuming Allah
barang jahat diangkat-angkat
barang suci dibenci
many people reject the promise
many people violate the self-affirmation
deceive people happy
not implement the law of God
goods glorified evil-lacalderarock
goods holy doghouse
149.
akeh wong ngutamakake royal
lali kamanungsane, lali kebecikane
lali sanak lali kadang
akeh bapa lali anak
akeh anak mundhung biyung
sedulur padha cidra
keluarga padha curiga
kanca dadi mungsuh
manungsa lali asale
many people spree with the money
humanitarian forget, forget the good
forget relatives
many forget their children's father
many children evict his mother
among other relatives lie
mutual suspicion between the family
friends become enemies
people will forget their origins
150.
ukuman ratu ora adil
akeh pangkat jahat jahil
kelakuan padha ganjil
sing apik padha kepencil
akarya apik manungsa isin
luwih utama ngapusi
penalty king is not fair
many are held, evil and cruel
what to do all the odd
the sequestered
even good people ashamed
while trick
151.
wanita nglamar pria
isih bayi padha mbayi
sing pria padha ngasorake drajate dhewe
women applying for men
young to have children
men lowering their own rank
The Stanza about 152 to 156 with no (lost and damaged)
And The Stanza about 157 to the end will be continued soon
Read More......
The True Story From Java Island Indonesia About King Jayabaya in 12nd Century
King Jayabaya
Prabu Jayabaya or King Jayabaya or Mapanji Jayabaya or Sri Aji Jayabaya or Sri Jayabhaya (son of the romantic story of Raden Panji Inukertapati and Dewi Galuh Chandra Kirana) ruled the Kingdom of Kediri in East Java, from 1135 until the year 1157 CE. King of Java, this one is also called as an astrologer, other than as a leader who qualified. He was once his kingdom predict the downfall successful return of land Javanese kingdom in the future. Stored arrival Netherlands and Japan have been in the "vision" of the king.
Prabu Jayabaya re-unify the land before the split Java Shop since the post-funeral
Prabu Airlangga. King Jayabaya known as the prosperity of the Kingdom of justice and Karachi under the reign. He also stored as a manifestation Wishnu Batara, a deity believed to be a regulator universe in Hindu belief. He added Justice King the row that was born in the dark on each end of the rotation era – The Justice King identical with the duty of justice to restore the social order of Java while harmonization throughout the universe.
In the era of King Jayabaya, Java literature supported by the rapidly developing situation, social, political, economic and sufficient condition. Mpu Sedah and Mpu Panuluh two MPU is a famous literature living in the days of the king (MPU nickname given to scientists of ancient Javanese regardless of who mastered; able knowledge literature, the science of war, agricultural science, etc.). They write a letter inscription Bharatayudha adapted from a story from India.
Jayabaya own short-term (now known as Divination Jayabaya) is a paper allocated to the king by some people consider that he was living in the era of the "rich literature" or even because he figures behind the development of Java literature at that time. This group believes that all the "prediction" that in the short term there is Jayabaya ideas and vision that the king be vocalized to the clerk he then be in a given fiber introduction including snippets of some of the characters and story of the king's life.
There is another opinion that the Divination of Jayabaya is surely not the work of the emperor but the paper and other people who are considered as works of Jayabaya. Jayabaya term in the message that King Jayabaya never act like a teacher to a leading theologian from the Arab peninsula, which is to roam Southeast Asia. Priest called Syech the Syamsu Ali Zein, the 'term Jayabaya musabar' called Ngali Samsujen and others call Syamsu Maulana Ali Zein. So according to this group, Jayabaya term "only" to borrow the name of the king's title as the only travel just once around the course.
It is believed that the King does not have Jayabaya died but Moksha or lost soul from the world of sports and it passes without the death as a normal human being. Analogikan with Jesus who was appointed to the heavens. Moksha only be achieved by the people selected (selection), according to Hindu teachings. Winning the Village District Subdistrict. Of Kediri Province. East Java Indonesia is trusted as a place of Sri Aji Jayabaya Moksha (now a tourist visits Sri inscription named Aji Joyoboyo).
Read More......
Prabu Jayabaya or King Jayabaya or Mapanji Jayabaya or Sri Aji Jayabaya or Sri Jayabhaya (son of the romantic story of Raden Panji Inukertapati and Dewi Galuh Chandra Kirana) ruled the Kingdom of Kediri in East Java, from 1135 until the year 1157 CE. King of Java, this one is also called as an astrologer, other than as a leader who qualified. He was once his kingdom predict the downfall successful return of land Javanese kingdom in the future. Stored arrival Netherlands and Japan have been in the "vision" of the king.
Prabu Jayabaya re-unify the land before the split Java Shop since the post-funeral
Prabu Airlangga. King Jayabaya known as the prosperity of the Kingdom of justice and Karachi under the reign. He also stored as a manifestation Wishnu Batara, a deity believed to be a regulator universe in Hindu belief. He added Justice King the row that was born in the dark on each end of the rotation era – The Justice King identical with the duty of justice to restore the social order of Java while harmonization throughout the universe.
In the era of King Jayabaya, Java literature supported by the rapidly developing situation, social, political, economic and sufficient condition. Mpu Sedah and Mpu Panuluh two MPU is a famous literature living in the days of the king (MPU nickname given to scientists of ancient Javanese regardless of who mastered; able knowledge literature, the science of war, agricultural science, etc.). They write a letter inscription Bharatayudha adapted from a story from India.
Jayabaya own short-term (now known as Divination Jayabaya) is a paper allocated to the king by some people consider that he was living in the era of the "rich literature" or even because he figures behind the development of Java literature at that time. This group believes that all the "prediction" that in the short term there is Jayabaya ideas and vision that the king be vocalized to the clerk he then be in a given fiber introduction including snippets of some of the characters and story of the king's life.
There is another opinion that the Divination of Jayabaya is surely not the work of the emperor but the paper and other people who are considered as works of Jayabaya. Jayabaya term in the message that King Jayabaya never act like a teacher to a leading theologian from the Arab peninsula, which is to roam Southeast Asia. Priest called Syech the Syamsu Ali Zein, the 'term Jayabaya musabar' called Ngali Samsujen and others call Syamsu Maulana Ali Zein. So according to this group, Jayabaya term "only" to borrow the name of the king's title as the only travel just once around the course.
It is believed that the King does not have Jayabaya died but Moksha or lost soul from the world of sports and it passes without the death as a normal human being. Analogikan with Jesus who was appointed to the heavens. Moksha only be achieved by the people selected (selection), according to Hindu teachings. Winning the Village District Subdistrict. Of Kediri Province. East Java Indonesia is trusted as a place of Sri Aji Jayabaya Moksha (now a tourist visits Sri inscription named Aji Joyoboyo).
Read More......
Wednesday, November 12, 2008
Red-Hot Demand for All Terrain Vehicles
Americans can't get enough of today's all-terrain vehicles (ATVs). The burly four-wheeled machines are the fastest-growing segment of off-highway vehicles, flying out of dealer showrooms at an average rate of more than 1,500 new units per day nationwide.According to industry estimates, consumers who are new to ATV riding -- for recreation and for work -- are playing a significant role in the machines' meteoric rise in popularity. Dealers sell almost half of all new ATVs to first-time buyers.
Ease-of-Use, Versatility Create New ATV Fans You might be surprised to know that weekend recreational riding -- affectionately known as "mudding" by experienced off-roaders -- is not the dominant rationale for ATV buying. With annual sales growth hovering in the double digits for more than a decade, ATV products clearly are attracting consumers from varying backgrounds and with diverse reasons for owning the machines. In fact, "utility" ATVs -- bulked up for workhorse-like hauling and towing as well as trail riding -- are the fastest growing ATV segment. Approximately 70 percent of the ATVs sold nationwide are utility-class machines.
Ease-of-Use, Versatility Create New ATV Fans You might be surprised to know that weekend recreational riding -- affectionately known as "mudding" by experienced off-roaders -- is not the dominant rationale for ATV buying. With annual sales growth hovering in the double digits for more than a decade, ATV products clearly are attracting consumers from varying backgrounds and with diverse reasons for owning the machines. In fact, "utility" ATVs -- bulked up for workhorse-like hauling and towing as well as trail riding -- are the fastest growing ATV segment. Approximately 70 percent of the ATVs sold nationwide are utility-class machines.
"The ATV is one of those products that people are finding new uses for every day," said Michael Mueller, a district sales manager for Arctic Cat, a leading U.S. manufacturer of ATVs and snowmobiles. "I meet husbands and wives who use ATVs to ride around their acreage together. And older persons are using ATVs to rediscover areas of the outdoors that had become inaccessible to them."
First-time buyers are drawn to the versatility and ease-of-use that characterize today's machines. Unlike a motorcycle, which usually requires a fair level of skill and experience to operate, the current range of ATVs -- including automatic models that do away with gear shifting -- can be driven by just about anyone.
At the same time, ATV makers are expanding the range of engine sizes, features and options in ways that offer something for riders of most ages and skill levels. With a growing number of models to choose from, new ATV buyers use their machines for a new range of utility and recreational activities:
* Trail riding. "The South is booming with recreational trails and public lands that offer ATV access," said Chris Bryant, owner of Outback Motorsports in Monroe, Va. "I'd say approximately 50 percent of our customers buy ATVs for trail riding." Find out more about accessible trails across the country by visiting the ATV Illustrated Web site at atvillustrated.com.
* All-around workhorse. Many buyers use their ATVs as multipurpose machines. "I see first-time home buyers using their ATV to lay mulch and plow snow," Bryant said. "And people with a small acreage or hobby farm are discovering that they don't need to buy a huge, expensive tractor for farming. Instead, they buy a larger ATV and several different attachments. They spend a third of the money and still get a versatile utility vehicle that fulfills lots of farm equipment needs."
* Social groups and riding clubs. Families and small groups of ATV enthusiasts join together to spend a day or weekend participating in recreational ATV rides in areas not accessible by most motorized vehicles. "Family and group riding is really gaining popularity because of the growing size and scope of available trails around the country," Mueller said. You can find an ATV riding club in your area by visiting the ATV Source Web site at atvsource.com.
What to Look For
For outdoors enthusiasts who want to enter the world of ATV ownership, Mueller recommends first-time buyers look for a machine that excels in several key areas:
* Dependable and easy to maintain. "First-time buyers should look for a machine that features maintenance-free suspension and an easily accessible oil filter and filler. Disc brakes are also desirable, because they generally require less adjustment and maintenance than drum brakes."
* At least 300 pounds of cargo capacity. "Even if you'll be using your ATV primarily for recreation, it's likely that you'll want to haul a weighty load at some point," Mueller said. Even ATVs at the low-end of the Arctic Cat size range offer 300 pounds of total (front and rear) rack capacity.
* A fully sealed, waterproof engine. A sealed engine can help ensure that an ATV will be able to go through water, mud and snow without problems. "Customers want an ATV they can use in a variety of weather and trail conditions," said Mike Loscheider, owner of Waconia Farm and Home Supply, Waconia, Minn. "They want to be able to use it for ice fishing in the winter and hunting or recreational riding during the warmer months." A sealed engine can also help prolong engine life by keeping out moisture.
* Smooth ride, easier handling. "No one wants to spend their day riding the ATV equivalent of a mechanical bull," Mueller said. A smooth ride is only one attraction offered by Arctic Cat ATVs with fully independent front and rear suspension. "Independent" means that all four tires stay in contact with the ground, reacting independently to terrain changes. Improved tire contact enables better cornering and more stability.
For more information on buying an ATV, or to find an Arctic Cat ATV dealer, call (800) 587-4275. You can also see the full line of Arctic Cat ATVs and accessories at arcticcat.com
Read More......Monday, November 10, 2008
An espresso has less caffeine than a cup of coffee!
A cup of drip brewed coffee has about 115 milligrams of caffeine, an espresso (and percolated coffee) about 80mg, while instant coffee has about 65mg of caffeine. Decaffeinated coffee is not totally caffeine free, containing about 3mg of caffeine. A can of Coca-Cola has about 23mg of caffeine, Pepsi Cola 25mg, Mountain Dew 37mg, and TAB 31mg. Tea has about 40mg of caffeine, while an ounce of chocolate contains about 20mg. The first Espresso machine was introduced in 1822 by the French, but it was the Italians who perfected and distributed it. Coffee is the world's most popular stimulant: 4 out of 5 Americans drink it, consuming more than 400 million cups a day. Consumption in Scandinavian countries is more than 12kg (26lb) per capita. With more than 25 million people employed in the industry, coffee is one of the largest trade industries in the world. Although coffee is believed to have been grown near the Red Sea since the 7th century, an Arabian author of the 15th century, Shehabeddin Ben, wrote that Ethiopians enjoyed coffee ever since anyone could remember. By the 16th centuries, coffee plants were found throughout the Yemen region of Arabia. After a Turkish ambassador introduced it to the court of Louis XIV in 1669, Europeans quickly acquired a taste for it. A few years later, the Dutch introduced coffee into Java. In 1714, the Frenchman Desclieux planted a single cutting of a coffee tree on the island of Martinique. Plantations soon grew from French Guiana to Brazil and Central America. Today, coffee is planted in moist regions around the world. Instant coffee was invented in 1906 by Mr. G. Washington, an Englishman living in Guatemala. Coffee is the seed of a cherry from the tree genus Coffea, a tree yielding about 1kg (2lb) of coffee per year. There are more than 25 species of coffee, the 3 main commercial types being Robusta, Liberia and Arabica, the latter representing 70% of total production. It takes 42 coffee beans to make an espresso. Caffeine increases the power of aspirin and other painkillers, that is why it is found in some medicines. Ironically, caffeine withdrawal also is one of the most common causes of headaches. Women who drink 2 or more cups of coffee a day also have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis. This, however, can be offset by drinking milk or yoghurt to replace the lost calcium. Most studies have found that high caffeine consumption impairs fertility, and taken during pregnancy may cause premature or defected birth. Caffeine is removed from coffee by treating the green beans with chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. Instant coffee is prepared by mixing ground and roasted coffee with hot water. The water is then evaporated by spray dryers and high pressure, leaving only the coffee powder. In some coffee products, coffee is replaced with chicory (a wildflower herb), fig, date, malt, or barley, remotely resembling real coffee. Caffeine is known medically as trimethylxanthine, and the chemical formula is C8H10N4O2. Cappuccino Barista The small cup in which an espresso (sometimes referred to as expresso) is served is called a demitasse. TIPCoffee business
Genus Coffea
Red coffee beans ready for picking
The word "cappuccino" comes from the 16th century Capuchin order of friars, whose hoods were called cappuccinos. A cappuccino is a coffee topped with steamed milk.
A barista is an expert in the preparation of espresso-based coffee drinks.
The word "tip" is also related to coffee. It comes from old London coffeehouses where the waiters' brass boxes were etched with the inscription, "To Insure Promptness." In fact, it was in one such coffeehouses which belonged to a Mr Lloyd that a few cargo insurers got together to start the Lloyd's insurance company.
Nobody knows who invented spectacles
Roman tragedian Seneca (4 BC–AD 65) is said to have read "all the books in Rome" by peering through a glass globe of water. A thousand years later, presbyopic monks used segments of glass spheres that could be laid against reading material to magnify the letters, basically a magnifying glass, called a "reading stone." They based their invention on the theories of the Arabic mathematician Alhazen (roughly 1000 AD). Yet, Greek philosopher Aristophanes (c. 448 BC-380 BC) knew that glass could be used as a magnifying glass. Nevertheless it was not until roughly 150 AD that Ptolemy discovered the basic rules of light diffraction and wrote extensively on the subject. (The laws of diffraction was formulated much later by Snellius, between 1600 and 1620.)
Venetian glass blowers, who had learned how to produce glass for reading stones, later constructed lenses that could be held in a frame in front of the eye instead of directly on the reading material. It was intended for use by one eye; the idea to frame two ground glasses using wood or horn, making them into a single unit was born in the 13th century.
In 1268 Roger Bacon made the first known scientific commentary on lenses for vision correction. Salvino D’Armate of Pisa and Alessandro Spina of Florence are often credited with the invention of spectacles around 1284 but there is no evidence to conclude this. The first mention of actual glasses is found in a 1289 manuscript when a member of the Popozo family wrote: "I am so debilitated by age that without the glasses known as spectacles, I would no longer be able to read or write." In 1306, a monk of Pisa mentioned in a sermon: "It is not yet 20 years since the art of making spectacles, one of the most useful arts on earth, was discovered." But nobody mentioned the inventor.
In the Middle Ages wearing spectacles signified knowledge and learning. Painters of the time often included spectacles when portraying famous persons even when depicting people who lived before the known invention of spectacles. On numerous paintings the religious teacher Sofronius Eusebius Hieronymus (340 - 420 AD) is portrayed with a lion, a skull and a pair of reading glasses. He is the patron saint of spectacle makers.
It actually is true that eating carrots can help you see better. Carrots contain Vitamin A, which feeds the chemicals that the eye shafts and cones are made of. The shafts capture black and white vision. The cones capture colour images.
The oldest known lens was found in the ruins of ancient Nineveh and was made of polished rock crystal.
In 1718, Edward Scarlett, a London optician, put arms on eyeglasses to hold them on the ears.
About one person in 30 is colour blind. More men than women are affected by colour blindness.
Healthy eyes are so sensitive to light that a candle burning in the dark can be detected 1,6km (1 mile) away. The human eye can distinguish about 10 million different colours. There currently is no machine that can achieve this remarkable feat.
Read More......
Venetian glass blowers, who had learned how to produce glass for reading stones, later constructed lenses that could be held in a frame in front of the eye instead of directly on the reading material. It was intended for use by one eye; the idea to frame two ground glasses using wood or horn, making them into a single unit was born in the 13th century.
In 1268 Roger Bacon made the first known scientific commentary on lenses for vision correction. Salvino D’Armate of Pisa and Alessandro Spina of Florence are often credited with the invention of spectacles around 1284 but there is no evidence to conclude this. The first mention of actual glasses is found in a 1289 manuscript when a member of the Popozo family wrote: "I am so debilitated by age that without the glasses known as spectacles, I would no longer be able to read or write." In 1306, a monk of Pisa mentioned in a sermon: "It is not yet 20 years since the art of making spectacles, one of the most useful arts on earth, was discovered." But nobody mentioned the inventor.
In the Middle Ages wearing spectacles signified knowledge and learning. Painters of the time often included spectacles when portraying famous persons even when depicting people who lived before the known invention of spectacles. On numerous paintings the religious teacher Sofronius Eusebius Hieronymus (340 - 420 AD) is portrayed with a lion, a skull and a pair of reading glasses. He is the patron saint of spectacle makers.
It actually is true that eating carrots can help you see better. Carrots contain Vitamin A, which feeds the chemicals that the eye shafts and cones are made of. The shafts capture black and white vision. The cones capture colour images.
The oldest known lens was found in the ruins of ancient Nineveh and was made of polished rock crystal.
In 1718, Edward Scarlett, a London optician, put arms on eyeglasses to hold them on the ears.
About one person in 30 is colour blind. More men than women are affected by colour blindness.
Healthy eyes are so sensitive to light that a candle burning in the dark can be detected 1,6km (1 mile) away. The human eye can distinguish about 10 million different colours. There currently is no machine that can achieve this remarkable feat.
Read More......
Sunday, November 9, 2008
The Heroes day from Surabaya City
This day is an important day for Indonesia and for me. First, this is Hime Day for me. And second, this is Heroes Day in Indonesia (called “Hari Pahlawan”).
Indonesia decided this day as Heroes Day bacause of heroic incident that happened in Surabaya on 10 November 1945. That day is deadline of ultimatum from Major General Mansergh(I don’t know the exact grade term, in Indonesia this grade called “Mayor Jenderal”) for all leader and Indonesian people that posses weapon to surrender. Mansergh was a substitute for Brigadir General Mallaby, England troop leader for East Java that was killed by Indonesian troop on October 30th 1945. This incident happened because Flag of Netherland was wavered in Yamato Hotel (Hotel Oranje) by Netherland army (NICA, Netherlands Indies Civil Administration). This action insulted Indonesian, so some of them torn the blue part of Netherland’s Flag to be only red and white, means Indonesia’s Flag. This triggered other incident between Indonesian troop vs Netherland troop in Surabaya then followed versus England troop and the peak incident was the death of Mallaby. Mansergh’s Ultimatum was rejected by Indonesian because on that time, Republic of Indonesia was established since August 17th 1945 so no one can give that such ultimatum. England estimated that they can conquer Surabaya in 3 days, but because of heroism of Indonesian people (one of them is Bung Tomo from Surabaya), it took long time until a month. This day, I’m thinking about what that means for me. What is the meaning of “hero” for Indonesian people today. I also want to give “advice” to my leaders, “Please, show us real actions as we expected about you to make Indonesia better. We can help you to be heroes, but first, show us that you capable to.” And you my friends, do you have a hero? Let’s think again about what the real meaning of “hero”.
In the morning of November 10th 1945, England troop attack Surabaya with 30.000 men, 50 planes (including bombers), 24 Sherman tanks, and several war ships. Surabaya was attaced with so many boms. There was so many victims from Indonesian citizen but Indonesian troop never give up and then citizen helped too.
Surabaya was conquered because of difference of war technology.
In November 27th 1945, KNIP (Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat) or Center National Comittee of Indonesia protested very very hard to top leader of England tropp in Indonesian for their action.
Surabaya’s war triggered so many wars in other places againts NICA and England troop. Because of their heroism and to remind of the victims so that day was decided as Heroes Day in Indonesia.
I think, this is the right momment for me to “back on the right track”. I’ve done so many useless things, so his is the right time for me to act more effectively. I’ve wasted my time in some meaningless actions, so this is the right time to throw away that activities.
Related to the word “hero”, I think this is the right time to be hero for ****, an invisible hero. Hahahaha :)) I think you know what I mean.
Or do you want to be a hero for someone?
The quest to become the first to fly around the earth
n 1924 four Douglas World Cruisers and eight American crewmen set out from Seattle, Washington, to attempt the first around-the-world airplane flight. One hundred seventy-five days later three of the aircraft and crews became the first to circumnavigate earth.
The Douglas World Cruiser biplane was a variant of the Navy's DT-2 torpedo bomber that could be operated either with wheels or floats. The prototype was delivered 45 days after the contract was let in summer 1923. Tests were successful, and four more aircraft were ordered. Each of the aircraft was named after a US city representing a compass point: Seattle, crewed by Maj. Frederick Martin (pilot and flight commander) and SSgt. Alva Harvey (flight mechanic); Chicago, crewed by Lt. Lowell H. Smith (pilot) and 1st Lt. Leslie Arnold; Boston, with 1st Lt. Leigh P. Wade (pilot) and SSgt. Henry H. Ogden aboard; and New Orleans, with Lt. Erik Nelson (pilot) and Lt. Jack Harding in the cockpits.
The success was largely a result of extensive planning; 30 spare engines were dispatched all over the world prior to the flight; with co-operation of the Royal Air Force and the US Navy, 28 nations supplied thousands of gallons of fuel and oil along the flight path.
The airplanes left Seattle, Washington, on 6 April 1924 and headed west, equipped with the latest navigational aids. Even so, fog, blizzards, thunderstorms and sand storms took a toll. On April 30, Seattle crashed in dense fog on a mountainside near Port Moller on the Alaska Peninsula. Major Martin and Sergeant Harvey hiked out of the wilderness. The remaining crews continued, flying on to Japan, Southeast Asia, India, the Middle East, Europe, England, and Ireland. On 3 August Boston was forced down in the North Atlantic, sinking in rough seas while being towed. A prototype was dispatched to Nova Scotia, where Lieutenant Wade and Sergeant Ogden renamed the aircraft Boston II and rejoined the flight. The crews stopped in several US cities and returned triumphantly to Seattle on 28 September.
The trip had totalled 175 days, covering 44 360 km (27,553 miles), with stops in 61 cities, the total flying time being 371 hours, 11 minutes.
Nine years later, in 1933, it took another American, Wiley Post, only 7 days to be the first to fly solo around the world. Between July 15 and 22, Post covered 25 110 km (15,596 miles) in 7 days, 18 hours and 49 minutes in one of the most remarkable displays of flying endurance of the century. Post's single engine Lockheed Vega, the Winnie Mae was equipped with a Sperry automatic pilot, a radio direction finder, and other new devices.
Earlier, in 1931, ex-barnstormer Post and navigator Harold Gatty had thrilled the nation by dashing around the world in the Winnie Mae. The flight was not only a great technical achievement, but one which demanded extraordinary fortitude. For over 106 hours, neither Post nor Gatty had an opportunity to sleep. The flight's elapsed time of 8 days, 15 hours and 51 minutes far surpassed the previous record of 21 days set in 1929 by the airship Graf Zeppelin.
The first non-stop flight around the world was made by, again, a team of the US Air Force flyers in 1949. Taking off from Carswell Air Force base in Fort Worth, Texas on 26 February, Captain James Gallagher and a crew of 14 headed east in a B-50 Superfortress, called Lucky Lady II. They were refuelled four times in air by KB-29 tanker planes of the 43rd Air Refuelling Squadron, over the Azores, Saudi Arabia, the Philippines and Hawaii. The circumnavigation was completed on 2 March, having traveled 94 hours and 1 minute, covering 37 743 km (23,452 miles) at an average 398 km/h (249 mph).
The next quest was to fly around the world, nonstop, non-refuelling.
By 1986 designer Burt Rutan and pilots Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager had devoted over five years to building and flight-testing the Voyager. The canard wing design, or forward elevator, similar to that successfully used by the Wright brothers in 1903, provided additional lift and improved the plane's efficiency and range. A preliminary sketch of the 1903 Wright Flyer was drawn on a brown paper bag in the Wrights' living quarters in 1902. Coincidentally, the first sketch of the Voyager was made on a paper lunch napkin in 1980.
Constructed of graphite composites, Voyager's total weight was 4 050 kg (9 000 pounds), including an unprecedented 3150 kg (7 000 pounds) of fuel. On 14 December 1986 Richard Rutan and Jeana Yeager took off from Edwards, California, piloting the Voyager from a cramped 2,3 m (7.5 ft) long, 1,1 m (3.3 ft) wide and 1m (3 ft) tall cockpit. Voyager's takeoff weight was more than 10 times the structural weight, but its drag was lower than almost any other powered aircraft. Voyager's wingtips sustained minor damage during its takeoff roll because of the massive amount of fuel. Approximately 75 cm (2.5 ft) of graphite skin was missing from the left wing's foam core.
Traveling at an average speed of 185 km/h (115.8 mph), it took the Voyager 9 days, 3 minutes and 44 seconds to become the first aircraft to circumnavigate the globe nonstop, non-refuelling. They triumphantly landed again at the Edwards Air Force Base at 8:06 a.m. PST 23 December 1987.
Douglas World Cruisers -
first to circumnavigate the globe, in 1924
The Douglas World Cruiser Chicago is now on display at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D. C., while New Orleans is on display at the Museum of Flying in Santa Monica, California. The Seattle wreckage was retrieved in 1967 through the efforts of Bob Reeve to go on display in the Centennial Aviation Museum, which caught fire in 1973. It survived the fire and is now displayed at the Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum. |
In 1964 Geraldine "Jerri" Mock became the first woman to fly solo around the world. Her single-engine Cessna 180 was called the Spirit of Columbus.
For more info, spread your wings toward the women's pilot organisation "Ninety-Nine"
The first woman to earn a pilot's license was Raymonde de Laroche, who got
hers on 8 March 1910. (By that time many women in Europe were flying, albeit without an official licence.) Later the same year, Blanche Scott became the first woman pilot in the USA when the plane that she was allowed to taxi suddenly became airborne. In 1911, Harriet Quimby became the first licensed American female pilot. In 1912, Quimby became the first woman to fly across the English Channel.
The first in-flight refuelling was tackled by the US Air Force on 25 June 1923. In August, lieutenants Lowell H. Smith and John P. Richter set a world's record by staying aloft for 37 hours and 15 minutes in a DH-4 over San Diego with the help of refuelling from another DH-4 (above).
Friday, November 7, 2008
'Most expensive apartment ever' in NYC goes on sale
So much for the bad economy. The "most expensive apartment ever" to go on sale in New York" is going on the market, according to the New York Observer, which reports that the price will no less than $60 million. The apartment, at 740 Park Avenue, is owned by Courtney Sale Ross, widow of Steve Ross, who, as CEO of Warner Communications, engineered the merger of Warner with Time Inc. to create Time Warner in 1990. Ross' apartment is a duplex that was created by combining two apartments. Michael Gross, author of a book on 740 Park, reports on his Web site that the apartment, on the 12th and 13th floors, is the largest apartment in the building. One apartment had 14 rooms while the other had 18 for a total of 32 rooms. Even if you are in the market for a 32-room, $60 million apartment, odds are you won't get to see this one. Broker Edward Lee Cave told the Observer, "it's going to be the most expensive apartment ever sold in New York,' and that only 10 people will see the apartment because only 10 people "are appropriate" to see it. According to Gross' book, 740 Park has housed some of America's wealthiest and most powerful families since it was completed in 1930 as the last great building to go up along what was known as New York's Gold Coast. Families that have lived in the building have names like Rockefeller, Bouvier, Vanderbilt, Kravis, Bronfman and Perelman. If Ross does find a buyer for her apartment, she may be moving downtown. The Observer reported in October 2007 that Ross had bought a penthouse for $7.25 million at 160 Wooster, a condominium that was built in the last few years. According to its Web site, 160 Wooster has fifteen condominiums on eight floors. The apartments feature floor-to-ceiling windows with top-of-the-line sound-deadening glass allowing residents to "enjoy the energy of one of Manhattan's most dynamic neighborhoods, without having to hear it."RELATED: WORLD'S MOST EXPENSIVE REAL ESTATE
RELATED: MIAMI APARTMENT LISTED AT $22 MILLION
I proud of you, Albert
Albert Einstein
Biography
Albert Einstein was born at Ulm, in Württemberg, Germany, on March 14, 1879. Six weeks later the family moved to Munich, where he later on began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. Later, they moved to Italy and Albert continued his education at Aarau, Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics. In 1901, the year he gained his diploma, he acquired Swiss citizenship and, as he was unable to find a teaching post, he accepted a position as technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office. In 1905 he obtained his doctor's degree.
During his stay at the Patent Office, and in his spare time, he produced much of his remarkable work and in 1908 he was appointed Privatdozent in Berne. In 1909 he became Professor Extraordinary at Zurich, in 1911 Professor of Theoretical Physics at Prague, returning to Zurich in the following year to fill a similar post. In 1914 he was appointed Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and Professor in the University of Berlin. He became a German citizen in 1914 and remained in Berlin until 1933 when he renounced his citizenship for political reasons and emigrated to America to take the position of Professor of Theoretical Physics at Princeton*. He became a United States citizen in 1940 and retired from his post in 1945.
After World War II, Einstein was a leading figure in the World Government Movement, he was offered the Presidency of the State of Israel, which he declined, and he collaborated with Dr. Chaim Weizmann in establishing the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Einstein always appeared to have a clear view of the problems of physics and the determination to solve them. He had a strategy of his own and was able to visualize the main stages on the way to his goal. He regarded his major achievements as mere stepping-stones for the next advance.
At the start of his scientific work, Einstein realized the inadequacies of Newtonian mechanics and his special theory of relativity stemmed from an attempt to reconcile the laws of mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field. He dealt with classical problems of statistical mechanics and problems in which they were merged with quantum theory: this led to an explanation of the Brownian movement of molecules. He investigated the thermal properties of light with a low radiation density and his observations laid the foundation of the photon theory of light.
In his early days in Berlin, Einstein postulated that the correct interpretation of the special theory of relativity must also furnish a theory of gravitation and in 1916 he published his paper on the general theory of relativity. During this time he also contributed to the problems of the theory of radiation and statistical mechanics.
In the 1920's, Einstein embarked on the construction of unified field theories, although he continued to work on the probabilistic interpretation of quantum theory, and he persevered with this work in America. He contributed to statistical mechanics by his development of the quantum theory of a monatomic gas and he has also accomplished valuable work in connection with atomic transition probabilities and relativistic cosmology.
After his retirement he continued to work towards the unification of the basic concepts of physics, taking the opposite approach, geometrisation, to the majority of physicists.
Einstein's researches are, of course, well chronicled and his more important works include Special Theory of Relativity (1905), Relativity (English translations, 1920 and 1950), General Theory of Relativity (1916), Investigations on Theory of Brownian Movement (1926), and The Evolution of Physics (1938). Among his non-scientific works, About Zionism (1930), Why War? (1933), My Philosophy (1934), and Out of My Later Years (1950) are perhaps the most important.
Albert Einstein received honorary doctorate degrees in science, medicine and philosophy from many European and American universities. During the 1920's he lectured in Europe, America and the Far East and he was awarded Fellowships or Memberships of all the leading scientific academies throughout the world. He gained numerous awards in recognition of his work, including the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London in 1925, and the Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute in 1935.
Einstein's gifts inevitably resulted in his dwelling much in intellectual solitude and, for relaxation, music played an important part in his life. He married Mileva Maric in 1903 and they had a daughter and two sons; their marriage was dissolved in 1919 and in the same year he married his cousin, Elsa Löwenthal, who died in 1936. He died on April 18, 1955 at Princeton, New Jersey.
From Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967
This autobiography/biography was first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel. It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures. To cite this document, always state the source as shown above.
Read More......In Windows, how do I safely rebuild my computer after a system-level compromise?
The most common reason for rebuilding your Windows computer is a system-level compromise, such as infection with a system-level worm (e.g., Blaster, Welchia) or a system bug that's been exploited. If you encounter these circumstances, you must rebuild your computer to be sure that you have removed all traces of the compromise. Additionally, if you were running a Windows operating system earlier than XP, UITS strongly encourages you to rebuild with XP. For information on purchasing Windows XP if you are an Indiana University student, faculty member, or staff member, see About the IU/Microsoft Campus Agreement, and consult the "Acquiring the software" section.
To thoroughly clean and rebuild your computer, be sure to take all of the following steps; failure to do so can put the entire IU network at risk:
Note: If you live in campus housing, you must run the Get Connected software after the rebuild is complete. If you were blocked from the network, you must request and wait for the block to be lifted before you can use it. For more information about the software, see What is Get Connected, and what does it do?
1. Remove your computer from the network by unplugging the network cable from the computer, or by turning off the wireless or dial-up connection. Do not reconnect your computer to the network until the last step, after you've taken all the following steps; otherwise, you risk being compromised again.
2. In preparation for wiping your computer's hard drive, back up your personal files to disk. The easiest way to do this is to burn them to CD. For information about burning CDs in Windows XP, see In Windows XP, how do I write a CD?
3. Perform a clean install of Windows XP. (Again, make sure you've backed up your personal files; they will be unrecoverable after you wipe the hard drive.) If your Windows XP CD says "with Service Pack 2", you can skip step 4 below. Use the original disks to reinstall any other software applications you own. Make sure you use a different password for the administrative account than you used in the previous installation. When you reboot your computer, allow automatic updates when prompted, which is the recommended action. For instructions to install Windows XP, see How do I install Windows XP?
Note: At IU Bloomington, if you aren't comfortable rebuilding your computer, you can use Carry-in Consulting.
4. Reinstall drivers for your network card, printer, and other devices. Either use the driver disk provided by the manufacturer of the device or visit the manufacturer's web site and download the driver.
5. Install all Windows patches and service packs. Be sure to install XP Service Pack 2 (SP2); see What are service packs for Windows, and where can I get them? You can also burn your own SP2 CD, but you must use an alternate computer to do this, not the compromised computer. For information about creating an SP2 CD, see At IU, how can I install Windows XP Service Pack 2 from a CD?
Note: Windows patches are no longer available on IUware Online or on the IUware CD. The Get Connected software contains most Windows patches. All patches are available from the IU Microsoft Update Service; for more information, see At IU, how do I configure my computer to use the IU Microsoft Update Service?
6. Turn on a personal firewall; see In Windows XP, how do I enable or disable the firewall?
7. Install antivirus software and spyware detection and removal utilities. Symantec AntiVirus and Windows Defender are available free to students, faculty, and staff on the IUware CD. For further help, see:
* In Windows, how do I safely upgrade to the latest Symantec Endpoint or AntiVirus software?
* What is Windows Defender and how do I use it?
8. Reconnect to the network, and change your IU Network ID passphrase immediately after you have rebuilt your computer. When crackers have control of your computer, they can monitor and log every keystroke you enter (e.g., passwords, email conversations). For instructions to change your IU Network ID passphrase, see At IU, how do I change or synchronize my Network ID passphrase?
Note: If you were blocked from the network, you must request and wait for the block to be lifted before you can do this from your own computer. For more information, see If my network access has been disabled by UIPO or UISO, how can I get it re-enabled?
UITS also recommends the following to help prevent future system compromises:
* Keep your Windows service packs current by scheduling daily automatic updates; for more information, see For Windows, how can I get software updates and patches?
* Schedule your Symantec AntiVirus to perform daily LiveUpdates; for more information, see In Symantec/Norton AntiVirus for Windows, how do I schedule automatic LiveUpdates and virus scans?
* Practice the principle of least privilege when using your computer. If your computer gets exploited, it helps prevent crackers from acquiring administrative access. For more, see In Windows, how can I run an administrator task from a non-admin account?
Read More......
To thoroughly clean and rebuild your computer, be sure to take all of the following steps; failure to do so can put the entire IU network at risk:
Note: If you live in campus housing, you must run the Get Connected software after the rebuild is complete. If you were blocked from the network, you must request and wait for the block to be lifted before you can use it. For more information about the software, see What is Get Connected, and what does it do?
1. Remove your computer from the network by unplugging the network cable from the computer, or by turning off the wireless or dial-up connection. Do not reconnect your computer to the network until the last step, after you've taken all the following steps; otherwise, you risk being compromised again.
2. In preparation for wiping your computer's hard drive, back up your personal files to disk. The easiest way to do this is to burn them to CD. For information about burning CDs in Windows XP, see In Windows XP, how do I write a CD?
3. Perform a clean install of Windows XP. (Again, make sure you've backed up your personal files; they will be unrecoverable after you wipe the hard drive.) If your Windows XP CD says "with Service Pack 2", you can skip step 4 below. Use the original disks to reinstall any other software applications you own. Make sure you use a different password for the administrative account than you used in the previous installation. When you reboot your computer, allow automatic updates when prompted, which is the recommended action. For instructions to install Windows XP, see How do I install Windows XP?
Note: At IU Bloomington, if you aren't comfortable rebuilding your computer, you can use Carry-in Consulting.
4. Reinstall drivers for your network card, printer, and other devices. Either use the driver disk provided by the manufacturer of the device or visit the manufacturer's web site and download the driver.
5. Install all Windows patches and service packs. Be sure to install XP Service Pack 2 (SP2); see What are service packs for Windows, and where can I get them? You can also burn your own SP2 CD, but you must use an alternate computer to do this, not the compromised computer. For information about creating an SP2 CD, see At IU, how can I install Windows XP Service Pack 2 from a CD?
Note: Windows patches are no longer available on IUware Online or on the IUware CD. The Get Connected software contains most Windows patches. All patches are available from the IU Microsoft Update Service; for more information, see At IU, how do I configure my computer to use the IU Microsoft Update Service?
6. Turn on a personal firewall; see In Windows XP, how do I enable or disable the firewall?
7. Install antivirus software and spyware detection and removal utilities. Symantec AntiVirus and Windows Defender are available free to students, faculty, and staff on the IUware CD. For further help, see:
* In Windows, how do I safely upgrade to the latest Symantec Endpoint or AntiVirus software?
* What is Windows Defender and how do I use it?
8. Reconnect to the network, and change your IU Network ID passphrase immediately after you have rebuilt your computer. When crackers have control of your computer, they can monitor and log every keystroke you enter (e.g., passwords, email conversations). For instructions to change your IU Network ID passphrase, see At IU, how do I change or synchronize my Network ID passphrase?
Note: If you were blocked from the network, you must request and wait for the block to be lifted before you can do this from your own computer. For more information, see If my network access has been disabled by UIPO or UISO, how can I get it re-enabled?
UITS also recommends the following to help prevent future system compromises:
* Keep your Windows service packs current by scheduling daily automatic updates; for more information, see For Windows, how can I get software updates and patches?
* Schedule your Symantec AntiVirus to perform daily LiveUpdates; for more information, see In Symantec/Norton AntiVirus for Windows, how do I schedule automatic LiveUpdates and virus scans?
* Practice the principle of least privilege when using your computer. If your computer gets exploited, it helps prevent crackers from acquiring administrative access. For more, see In Windows, how can I run an administrator task from a non-admin account?
Read More......
Why do I have to format and reinstall Windows after my computer is infected with a virus?
For many virus, worm, or Trojan computer infections, either the UITS Support Center or the University Information Security Office (UISO) will tell you that you must reformat your hard drive (i.e., erase Windows) and reinstall Windows from scratch. You are sometimes told to do this even when your antivirus program can remove the virus, or when the companies that make antivirus programs have tools available to delete the infection.
UITS tells you this because there's a threat beyond the virus, worm, or Trojan itself. Most current infections leave the computer open to further compromise. The virus or worm itself is merely the carrier of something else that might be more malicious. Following are examples:
* W32.Mytob.JI@mm
* W32.Spybot.WON
* W32.Bobax.AJ@mm
* PWSteal.Reoxtan
The first two examples actively open a backdoor, through which other malicious programs can be loaded. The third turns an infected computer into a proxy, which allows someone to direct Internet traffic through in order to obscure the source of the traffic. The last installs a monitor that attempts to capture passwords and uploads them to some remote computer.
In all these sample cases, you can remove the infection (the virus) itself, but problems remain:
* In the W32.Mytob.JI@mm and W32.Spybot.WON cases, something else separate from the worm can be installed. A backdoor can let anything in, and that's how these two worms function. Removing the backdoor does not address what may have come through it in the time between infection and removal; those are separate problems.
* W32.Bobax.AJ@mm and PWSteal.Reoxtan modifies registry entries and files, and those changes cannot be undone by Symantec's antivirus products. The user must manually restore the information.
* PWSteal.Reoxtan also keeps password and other information it steals on a text file on the infected computer. Unless these files are found and deleted, they are a security risk. Any future infection that allows access to files on the infected computer will allow access to the password(s) in that text file.
So it is entirely possible to suffer negative effects even after cleaning your computer with an antivirus program. Many current infections follow the pattern of the four examples above; it is extremely rare for a virus, worm, or Trojan not to allow for or leave any further compromise. In the case of infections that install backdoors, since it's difficult or nearly impossible to determine what came through before the backdoor was removed, it's impossible to determine how compromised a computer is. For security's sake, the worst must be assumed. That is why UITS and UISO require you to erase your Windows installation and reinstall it: It's the only way to guarantee no further compromises remain.
Read More......
UITS tells you this because there's a threat beyond the virus, worm, or Trojan itself. Most current infections leave the computer open to further compromise. The virus or worm itself is merely the carrier of something else that might be more malicious. Following are examples:
* W32.Mytob.JI@mm
* W32.Spybot.WON
* W32.Bobax.AJ@mm
* PWSteal.Reoxtan
The first two examples actively open a backdoor, through which other malicious programs can be loaded. The third turns an infected computer into a proxy, which allows someone to direct Internet traffic through in order to obscure the source of the traffic. The last installs a monitor that attempts to capture passwords and uploads them to some remote computer.
In all these sample cases, you can remove the infection (the virus) itself, but problems remain:
* In the W32.Mytob.JI@mm and W32.Spybot.WON cases, something else separate from the worm can be installed. A backdoor can let anything in, and that's how these two worms function. Removing the backdoor does not address what may have come through it in the time between infection and removal; those are separate problems.
* W32.Bobax.AJ@mm and PWSteal.Reoxtan modifies registry entries and files, and those changes cannot be undone by Symantec's antivirus products. The user must manually restore the information.
* PWSteal.Reoxtan also keeps password and other information it steals on a text file on the infected computer. Unless these files are found and deleted, they are a security risk. Any future infection that allows access to files on the infected computer will allow access to the password(s) in that text file.
So it is entirely possible to suffer negative effects even after cleaning your computer with an antivirus program. Many current infections follow the pattern of the four examples above; it is extremely rare for a virus, worm, or Trojan not to allow for or leave any further compromise. In the case of infections that install backdoors, since it's difficult or nearly impossible to determine what came through before the backdoor was removed, it's impossible to determine how compromised a computer is. For security's sake, the worst must be assumed. That is why UITS and UISO require you to erase your Windows installation and reinstall it: It's the only way to guarantee no further compromises remain.
Read More......
Wednesday, November 5, 2008
Traffic lights in use before there were motorcars
Traffic lights were used before the advent of the motorcar. In 1868, British railroad signal engineer J P Knight invented the first traffic light, a lantern with red and green signals. It was installed at the intersection of George and Bridge Streets in front of the the British House of Commons to control the flow of horse buggies and pedestrians.
Motorcars were introduced to the US in the late 1890s and the need for traffic control soon became obvious. A number of people came up with ideas for traffic control. In 1910, Earnest Sirrine of Chicago, Illinois filed for a patent (no 976,939) for what is considered the first automatic street traffic system, using non illuminated words STOP and PROCEED.
In 1912, Lester Wire of Salt Lake City, Utah invented an electric traffic light that used red and green lights. However, he did not apply for a patent. The next year, James Hoge received patent no 1,251,666 for a manually controlled traffic light system using electric lights. It was installed in Cleveland, Ohio in 1914, displaying the words STOP and MOVE.
The first traffic light system to use red and green lights were patented by William Ghiglieri of San Francisco, California in 1917 (patented no 1,224,632). His design could be operated manually or in automatic.
The amber light was added in 1920 by William Potts, a Detroit policeman. He actually invented several traffic light systems, including the overhang four-way system, but did not apply for patents. The first person to apply for a patent to produce inexpensive traffic lights was Garrett Morgan, who received his patent in 1923.
Parking Meter
The credit for taking all your parking credits goes to Carlton Cole Magee who invented the first parking meter in 1932, receiving a patent (no 2,118,318) for it in 1935. His Magee-Hale Park-O-Meter Company installed the first meter in Oklahoma City in 1935 and still produces most of the parking meters in the United States.
Don't Walk
The first "Don't Walk"' signs were installed in New York City on 5 February 1952. Red remained the preferred color for warning signs because red elevates the blood pressure, heightening nervous tension, therefore the most likely color to attract attention. Yellow is used in signs aimed at vehicle traffic because it is the most visible color in the spectrum and can be seen from the farthest distance.
source : www.didyouknow.cd
Read More......
Motorcars were introduced to the US in the late 1890s and the need for traffic control soon became obvious. A number of people came up with ideas for traffic control. In 1910, Earnest Sirrine of Chicago, Illinois filed for a patent (no 976,939) for what is considered the first automatic street traffic system, using non illuminated words STOP and PROCEED.
In 1912, Lester Wire of Salt Lake City, Utah invented an electric traffic light that used red and green lights. However, he did not apply for a patent. The next year, James Hoge received patent no 1,251,666 for a manually controlled traffic light system using electric lights. It was installed in Cleveland, Ohio in 1914, displaying the words STOP and MOVE.
The first traffic light system to use red and green lights were patented by William Ghiglieri of San Francisco, California in 1917 (patented no 1,224,632). His design could be operated manually or in automatic.
The amber light was added in 1920 by William Potts, a Detroit policeman. He actually invented several traffic light systems, including the overhang four-way system, but did not apply for patents. The first person to apply for a patent to produce inexpensive traffic lights was Garrett Morgan, who received his patent in 1923.
Parking Meter
The credit for taking all your parking credits goes to Carlton Cole Magee who invented the first parking meter in 1932, receiving a patent (no 2,118,318) for it in 1935. His Magee-Hale Park-O-Meter Company installed the first meter in Oklahoma City in 1935 and still produces most of the parking meters in the United States.
Don't Walk
The first "Don't Walk"' signs were installed in New York City on 5 February 1952. Red remained the preferred color for warning signs because red elevates the blood pressure, heightening nervous tension, therefore the most likely color to attract attention. Yellow is used in signs aimed at vehicle traffic because it is the most visible color in the spectrum and can be seen from the farthest distance.
source : www.didyouknow.cd
Read More......
Tuesday, November 4, 2008
Home Security Systems Reduce Burglary Chances
It's a scary world out there, and you'd do anything you can to ensure your family and living environment is safe. But the statistics tell a different story. According to recent government data, 1 out of 6 American homes will have a burglary or fire incident in the next 5 years. House fires kill more Americans every year than all natural disasters combined, and a burglary happens in the United States every 14 seconds.Those are staggering statistics, and families finding property stolen or damaged by an intruder understandably have an overwhelming sense of insecurity, fear and vulnerability. Not only have their personal lives been invaded and their families put at risk, but they also have to deal with the difficulties of clean up, insurance claims, police reports and rebuilding their lives.
Fortunately, it's easy to protect your home and your family without putting bars on the windows. A home security system makes your house 3 times less likely to be robbed. And 9 out of 10 convicted burglars agree they would avoid a home protected by a security system. This not only keeps your property protected, but most importantly your family.
ADT Home Security is the largest provider of electronic security services to more than 6 million commercial, government and residential customers throughout North America. Not only does ADT provide security against break-ins, but also is an emergency warning system against fires for when you are at home and away.
The company professionally installs your system into your home, complete with a wireless remote keychain.
Homes with a security system installed can also save the homeowner up to 20 percent on their insurance costs, providing an economical incentive -- especially when in 2006, the average dollar loss per burglary was $1,834.
Take your family's safety into your own hands today. ADT is offering a free security system valued at $850 for any new customer who starts today by requesting a free home security quote . This $850 system includes the master control panel with battery backup, a keypad, the alarm siren, 3 entry contacts, a pet sensitive infrared motion detector, a key fob and signs advertising the security system protecting the home. All you have to do is pay the $99 installation fee. Plus, ADT monitoring services start at just $35.99 a month, and if you order today, Security Choice offers a $100 Visa gift card after mail-in rebate once you activate your system. Read More......
2700 languages spoken in the world
The "invention" of language is not known except for references in the Bible. It is not known what language Adam and Eve spoke. The first mention of different languages is the reference to the tower of Babel when different tongues were bestowed.
The invention of writing, however, is credited to the Sumerians of Mesopotamia in the 4th millennium BC. Their descendants, the Sumero-Babylonians, developed the time system that we use today: an hour divided into 60 minutes, which are divided into 60 seconds.
Today, there are more than 2 700 different languages spoken in the world, with more than 7 000 dialects. In Indonesia alone, 365 different languages are spoken. More than 1,000 different languages are spoken in Africa. The most difficult language to learn is Basque, which is spoken in north-western Spain and south-western France. It is not related to any other language in the world. Mandarin is the most spoken language in the world, followed by English. But as home language, Spanish is the second most spoken in the world.
Youngest language
The youngest language in the world is Afrikaans, spoken by South Africans. Dutch and German Protestants fled persecution from the Roman Catholic Church in the 17th and 18th century to settle in the Dutch colony of Cape of Good Hope on the southern point of Africa. By the early-20th century Afrikaans had developed from Dutch, German and other influences into a fully fledged language with its own dictionaries. After a mere 100 years, it is the second most spoken language in South Africa (Zulu being the most spoken, the Zulu people being the largest ethnic group there).
New languages develop as different cultures meet and mix. For instance, about 700 different languages are spoken in London. In some suburbs of the London, English is now a second language. The same is happening - or has taken place - in cities such as New York, Los Angeles, Miami and Singapore. Already the Internet and mobile phone texting are influencing the development of languages as people communicate freely across cultural and regional borders. In fact, the fastest growing language in the world is Nerdic, the language of technology and gadgets.
The smallest country in the world is the Vatican. It also is the only country where Latin is the official language.
Somalia is the only country in the world where all the citizens speak one language, Somali.
The Berbers of North Africa have no written form of their language. Read More......
The invention of writing, however, is credited to the Sumerians of Mesopotamia in the 4th millennium BC. Their descendants, the Sumero-Babylonians, developed the time system that we use today: an hour divided into 60 minutes, which are divided into 60 seconds.
Today, there are more than 2 700 different languages spoken in the world, with more than 7 000 dialects. In Indonesia alone, 365 different languages are spoken. More than 1,000 different languages are spoken in Africa. The most difficult language to learn is Basque, which is spoken in north-western Spain and south-western France. It is not related to any other language in the world. Mandarin is the most spoken language in the world, followed by English. But as home language, Spanish is the second most spoken in the world.
Youngest language
The youngest language in the world is Afrikaans, spoken by South Africans. Dutch and German Protestants fled persecution from the Roman Catholic Church in the 17th and 18th century to settle in the Dutch colony of Cape of Good Hope on the southern point of Africa. By the early-20th century Afrikaans had developed from Dutch, German and other influences into a fully fledged language with its own dictionaries. After a mere 100 years, it is the second most spoken language in South Africa (Zulu being the most spoken, the Zulu people being the largest ethnic group there).
New languages develop as different cultures meet and mix. For instance, about 700 different languages are spoken in London. In some suburbs of the London, English is now a second language. The same is happening - or has taken place - in cities such as New York, Los Angeles, Miami and Singapore. Already the Internet and mobile phone texting are influencing the development of languages as people communicate freely across cultural and regional borders. In fact, the fastest growing language in the world is Nerdic, the language of technology and gadgets.
The smallest country in the world is the Vatican. It also is the only country where Latin is the official language.
Somalia is the only country in the world where all the citizens speak one language, Somali.
The Berbers of North Africa have no written form of their language. Read More......
Monday, November 3, 2008
What to do if You Can't Pay the IRS
Are you one of the millions of frustrated taxpayers who cannot afford to pay their IRS tax debt? If you fail to pay your taxes the IRS can garnish your wages, place a levy against your home, seize your assets or level even more serious penalties. Time is not on your side and the longer you wait the more problems will grow. If you find yourself in this predicament, a tax professional can assist in negotiating an abatement of your penalties.In order to qualify for a penalty abatement, you must show the IRS reasonable cause for not being able to pay the entire amount due. Reasonable cause can consist of death, loss of income, illness, or imprisonment, and a tax professional can assist you with this process.
There are still other solutions for reducing or paying back your IRS liability. One of those options is to establish an installment agreement. An installment agreement is a monthly payment plan that allows you to pay your debt without interest and penalties within five years. It can be negotiated by a tax professional and is based on income, expenses and amount of debt.
However, if you owe the IRS more than $25,000 you may qualify for an offer in compromise. The IRS can "compromise" federal tax liabilities by accepting less than the full payment. A tax debt can be compromised for one of the following reasons: doubt of liability, doubt as to the taxpayer's ability to pay their debt, or the collection would create an economic hardship for the taxpayer. If you are going to attempt to get an offer in compromise accepted by the IRS, you will definitely need the help of a tax professional, as the forms are lengthy and the success rate is minimal for a non-professional.
Remember, you are not alone in this turbulent time, as there are professionals who can help rescue you from your tax liability. A tax professional can assist you in settling or eliminating your IRS debt- ultimately saving you money in the long-run. For a free consultation regarding your tax debt- visit www.cantpayirs.com and end your IRS nightmares today. Read More......
Sunday, November 2, 2008
Conquerors of the high seas - the first to sail around the world
North America discovered
Naming "America"
First voyage around the world
Second circumnavigation
First solo circumnavigation
Around Alone
Age of Discovery
The Age of Discovery was led by the the great sea adventurers in their search for a route to spice markets of the
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), an Italian who had moved to
Viking ships reached
"New
In 1497 King Henry VII granted John Cabot (1450-1498) a charter to explore. On 2 May Cabot and a crew of 18 left
Naming "
The Portuguese-Spanish dividing line ran through the
The first circumnavigation
The first circumnavigation of the globe was led by Ferdinand Magellan, who was born in
Like
They crossed the equator on
In August, Magellan decided it was time to move further south to look for a passage through to the east. By October they sighted a strait. During the passage, the captain of San Antonia turned his ship back toward
Into the vast Pacific
The 3 ships emerged from the strait to the Pacific by end-November. Magellan thought the
After befriending an island king, Magellan foolishly got involved in a tribal war and was killed in battle on
They sailed to the
Vicente de Jesus contibuted to this page as follows:
"On
The second circumnavigation
The second circumnavigation of the globe was accomplished by the pirate-turned-explorer Englishman Francis Drake (1540-1596). Seeing
In September 1578 five of the ships turned back at the
Captain Cook
Another famous circumnavigation was that of James Cook. He sailed from
First solo circumnavigation
Joshua Slocum, who was born in
Slocum crossed the
On
First around with only one stop
The honour of being the first to sail around the world alone with only one stop went to Francis Chichester (1902-1972). In 1966, the 64-year old
Around Alone
Today, sailing single-handedly non-stop around the world still grabs the imagination. Chay Blyth, nicknamed "the man of steel" became one of few when he sailed against the winds around the world from east to west aboard the ketch British Steel in 1971, completing the voyage in 302 days. Two years later Frenchman Alain Colas aboard his trimaran Manureva circumnavigated around the 3 great capes, taking only 129 days to complete the voyage.
The first woman to sail solo around the world Dame Naomi James. In 1979 the 29-year-old braved the seas for 272 days circumnavigating the globe via
On
Jonathan Sanders circumnavigated the globe 7 times single-handedly. He also achieved a remarkable non-stop triple circumnavigation between May 1986 and March 1988, covering 131,535km (71,023 nautical miles). Circumnavigation had become the rage, as with the Whitbread race. Then Frenchman Philippe Jeantot launched the idea of a single-handed non-stop race around the world, called Vendee Globe.
The contests
In 1982, British company BOC Gasses launched the BOC Challenge single-handed race around the world: "One person, One boat, Around the world." Renamed AroundAlone and currently known after its sponsor, the VELUX 5 Oceans is the longest race on Earth for an individual in any sport, spanning 43,000km (27,000 miles) of the roughest and most remote oceans. The finish line literally is a world away.
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